Efficiency Analysis of Regenerative Braking System in BYD K9 Electric Bus on Transjakarta Route 1E

Authors

  • Muhammad Farrel Apriliant Putra Teknologi Rekayasa Otomotif, Politeknik Keselamatan Transportasi Jalan Author
  • Buang Turasno Teknologi Otomotif, Politeknik Keselamatan Transportasi Jalan Author https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6066-8964

Keywords:

Electric Bus, Regenerative Braking, Energy Efficiency, BYD K9, Transjakarta

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the recovery efficiency of the regenerative braking system in BYD K9 electric buses operating on Transjakarta route 1E. The method used is a quantitative experimental approach through direct observation of the vehicle dashboard. Data were collected from three bus units representing the highest, lowest, and average energy consumption. The analysis reveals that energy recovery efficiency ranges from 36.62% to 50.27%, influenced by speed, road gradient, and driver behavior. These findings highlight the significant contribution of regenerative braking systems in reducing energy consumption and extending electric bus operational range.

References

[1] Zhang, R. and Yao, E., “Electric Vehicles Energy Consumption Estimation With Real Driving Condition Data,” Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, vol. 41, pp. 177–187, 2015.

[2] Malode, S. K., Adware, R. H., Student, M. T. P. E. D., Engineering, E., and Engineering, E., “Regenerative Braking System In Electric Vehicles,” pp. 254–260, 2016.

[3] BYD, B., Panduan Perawatan Kendaraan, Jakarta: PT. Build Your Dreams, 2021.

[4] Guarango, P. M., “Permodelan Konverter DC to DC Tipe Boost Converter Dengan Pengendali Proporsional Integral (PI),” vol. 25(8.5.2017), pp. 2003–2005, 2022.

[5] Kumara, N. S., “Tinjauan Perkembangan Kendaraan Listrik Dunia Hingga Sekarang,” Transmisi, Jurnal Teknik Elektro, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 89–96, 2008.

[6] Mandal, S., Sarker, M. R. I., Rahman, M. S., and Beg, M. R. A., “An Analysis of Braking Energy Regeneration In Electric Vehicles,” International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 999–1006, 2017.

[7] Marongiu, A., Nußbaum, F. G. W., Waag, W., Garmendia, M., and Sauer, D. U., “Comprehensive Study Of The Influence Of Aging On The Hysteresis Behavior Of A Lithium Iron Phosphate Cathode-Based Lithium Ion Battery - An Experimental Investigation Of The Hysteresis,” Applied Energy, pp. 629–645, 2016.

[8] Nazaruddin, N., Zainuri, F., Siregar, R., Heryana, G., Adhitya, M., and Sumarsono, D. A., “Electric power steering: An overview of dynamics equation and how it’s developed for large vehicle,” IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 673, no. 1, 2019.

[9] Pangestu, A. W. and Sutantra, I. N., “Studi Analisis Kinerja Sistem Rem Regeneratif pada Sepeda Motor Hybrid dengan Konfigurasi Seri,” Jurnal Teknik ITS, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 193–198, 2021.

[10] Pattiapon, D. R., Rikumahu, J. J., and Jamlaay, M., “Penggunaan Motor Sinkron Tiga Phasa Tipe Salient Pole Sebagai Generator Sinkron,” Jurnal Simetrik, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 197–207, 2019.

[11] Setiowati, R. and Basjaruddin, N. C., “Active Steering Assistance For Turned Road Based On Fuzzy Logic,” 2017.

[12] Setyono, B. and Setiawan, Y., “Rancang Bangun Sistem Transmisi, Kemudi dan Pengereman Mobil Listrik ‘Semut Abang’,” Seminar Nasional Sains Dan Teknologi Terapan III 2015, pp. 89–96, 2018.

[13] Perdana, P. B., “Analisa Penggunaan Regeneratif Brake pada Mobil Multiguna Pedesaan Bertenaga Listrik,” 2018.

[14] Tao, Y., Xie, X., Zhao, H., Xu, W., and Chen, H., “A regenerative braking system for electric vehicle with four in-wheel motors based on fuzzy control,” Chinese Control Conference (CCC), pp. 4288–4293, 2017.

[15] Putra, R. P., Kurniasih, N., Dewi, S., Sari, P., Syamsuddin, Z., and Pln, I. T., “Kontrol Torka Pengereman Regeneratif Pada Sepeda Listrik Dengan Integrasi Ultrakapasitor,” Prosiding Seminar Nasional Energi, vol. 23, 2022.

[16] Yeo, H., Hwang, S., and Kim, H., “Regenerative braking algorithm for a hybrid electric vehicle with CVT ratio control,” Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, vol. 220, no. 11, pp. 1589–1600, 2006.

[17] Jiang, B., Yang, D., Yu, H., Wang, J., He, C., Li, J., and Chen, Y., “Impact of Road Gradient on Fuel Consumption of Light-Duty Diesel Vehicles,” Atmosphere, vol. 16, no. 2, 2025. doi: 10.3390/atmos16020143

[18] Nan, S., Tu, R., Li, T., Sun, J., and Chen, H., “From driving behavior to energy consumption: A novel method to predict the energy consumption of electric bus,” Energy, vol. 261, p. 125188, 2022. doi: 10.1016/J.ENERGY.2022.125188

[19] Zhang, H., Chen, D., Zhang, H., and Liu, Y., “Research on the influence factors of brake regenerative energy of pure electric vehicles based on the CLTC,” Energy Reports, vol. 8, pp. 85–93, 2022. doi: 10.1016/J.EGYR.2022.10.259

Published

2025-10-31

How to Cite

[1]
M. F. A. Putra and B. Turasno, “Efficiency Analysis of Regenerative Braking System in BYD K9 Electric Bus on Transjakarta Route 1E”, Jurnal Perintis, vol. 1, no. 5(September-Oktober), pp. 188–197, Oct. 2025, Accessed: Feb. 02, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://ejournal.pktj.ac.id/index.php/perintis/article/view/67

Similar Articles

11-18 of 18

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.